Learn to understand what plants are saying

Spraying strategy

We know very well that the amount of nutrients in the soil can ensure the quality growth of wheat. Proper nutrition and the adaptation of varieties to specific agro-climatic conditions are among the factors that help to obtain the best yield of wheat. We constantly talk and write that the most important thing in the crop production business is accuracy. We already said in autumn that, when fertilizing with complex fertilizers, the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus must be favorable for P2oh5, because plants need to form roots and store energy, and when fertilizing in spring, the ratio should be favorable for nitrogen. We can see for ourselves that the soil warmed up to 11°C in the wheat and rapeseed crops only in the last days of April, which means that the plants’ demand for nutrients was growing, and the soil temperature was the limiting factor. Some growers heeded the recommendations and were able to foliar spray the plants with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, allowing the plants to “understand” that they had nutrients, albeit for a short time. After normal fertilizing with phosphorus fertilizers in the fall or using biological products, it was calmer in the spring, because the autumn demand was satisfied and the plants could form the elements of the harvest structure (inflorescences). At the moment, sprayers are buzzing in winter wheat: some are spraying growth regulators, some herbicides, some are spraying, but they don’t know the purpose of spraying, they say that the manager advised them to spray. And do you have plant or soil studies that you are spraying exactly those elements? Others have a very clear goal and a clear plant nutrition plan drawn up by consultants. I mentioned that the spraying strategy is not clear in some places. The lack of strategy is betrayed by burnt plants. Of course, you can say that there is nothing like that, it will die out, only two leaves are burned, new ones are growing, they are already clean, etc. Let’s imagine that we burn 20-30%. of our skin area, we would probably feel the effects for a long time? I think there was a lot of confusion about spraying growth regulators and growers without reading the label prepared mixtures that were difficult to match with the physiological processes of the plants. What do you need to know? Gibberellins together with auxins are responsible for the growth of the stem in length. However, they also play an important role in the development of bells. Auxins are primarily responsible for the formation of xylem, that is, for the connection of flowers to the water and nutrient supply system, while gibberellins ensure the connection of phloem. Later, assimilates are transported through the phloem. Grains grow only from those flowers that are connected to both supply sources. If the growth regulator disrupts the gibberellin balance in time, it can kill some of the flowers. Preparations for growth regulation acting on gibberellins are divided into synthesis-inhibiting and activity-reducing preparations. In order to use one or another preparation at the most suitable time, it is necessary to pay attention to the following differences in performance! Gibberellins are already formed in the plant during the bushing stage, but they are inactive as long as the days are short. It is as the days lengthen that gibberellins are activated and internodal growth begins. But the growth of internodes does not happen simultaneously, but gradually. Each long-day emerging leaf initiates the synthesis of its own gibberellins and then activates them.

Crop density

The risk of recumbency increases depending on the disharmony of the toddler’s growth to length and strength ratio. The most important factor here is light. Light inhibits hormones that promote plant growth, so plants grow shorter, with firmer cells. And the lack of light forces plants to etiolate. They “stretch towards the light”, they get longer, the cell walls soften, and if they are still abundantly fertilized… Light starts to disappear if the crops are too dense, if the seed quality is poor, if the fertilization strategy is not appropriate or if the nitrogen level is high. However, rain during the budding stage can significantly soften the crops. Sunny and dry weather strengthens the structure of the stem and prevents it from stretching. That’s why we always remind you to learn how to manage crop density. Sometimes it seems that the most important thing is to “fertilize” the soil with seeds, but it is always necessary to calculate the seed rate, depending on the yield of the soil, sowing time, etc. Before thinking about shortening technologies, one should choose the optimal sowing time, variety, seed quality and fertilization system for the area.

The use of growth regulators has long been controversial. Everyone wants a bountiful harvest, they fertilize the plants, stimulate their growth and at the same time, fearing dormancy, stop the synthesis of phytohormones by chemical means. Of course, dormant crops are even worse, but you need to know some rules and solve the problem without damaging the physiology of the plant. The length of the wheat internode corresponds to half the sum of the lengths of the adjacent internodes. For example, if the first internode is 5 cm long and the third is 25 cm long, then the internode in between must be 15 cm long (5 cm + 25 cm = 30 cm/2 = 15 cm). The length of the third internode can be calculated in the same way if we know the length of the first two. Thus, as you approach the penis, the internodes become longer and longer. The uppermost part of the stem between the last leaf and the stem does not comply with this rule. With the strength of the stem, everything is reversed: the lower member of the stem is the strongest and as it goes up it weakens according to the mathematical ratio just described. Thus, at the base, the stems have short and strong internodes, which become longer and more flexible towards the penis. If all internodes were of equal strength and length, the stem would break easily. And here is the ideal stem, as the bell grows and gets heavier, it can adapt to wind and weather conditions.

Reason for bed rest

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